《Nature,3月18日,Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro》

  • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者: zhangmin
  • 发布时间:2020-03-19
  • Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro

    Jia Liu, Ruiyuan Cao, Mingyue Xu, Xi Wang, Huanyu Zhang, Hengrui Hu, Yufeng Li, Zhihong Hu, Wu Zhong & Manli Wang

    Cell Discovery volume 6, Article number: 16 (2020)

    Dear Editor,

    The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/2019-nCoV) poses a serious threat to global public health and local economies. As of March 3, 2020, over 80,000 cases have been confirmed in China, including 2946 deaths as well as over 10,566 confirmed cases in 72 other countries. Such huge numbers of infected and dead people call for an urgent demand of effective, available, and affordable drugs to control and diminish the epidemic.

  • 原文来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-020-0156-0
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  • 《Nature,3月25日,Bispecific IgG neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants and prevents escape in mice》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2021-03-29
    • Bispecific IgG neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants and prevents escape in mice Raoul De Gasparo, Mattia Pedotti, […]Luca Varani Nature (2021) Abstract Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike (S) are among the most promising approaches against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)1,2. We developed a bispecific, IgG1-like molecule (CoV-X2) based on two antibodies derived from COVID-19 convalescent donors, C121 and C1353. CoV-X2 simultaneously binds two independent sites on the RBD and, unlike its parental antibodies, prevents detectable S binding to Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), the virus cellular receptor. Furthermore, CoV-X2 neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern, as well as the escape mutants generated by the parental monoclonals. In a novel animal model of SARS-CoV-2 infection with lung inflammation, CoV-X2 protects mice from disease and suppresses viral escape. Thus, simultaneous targeting of non-overlapping RBD epitopes by IgG-like bispecific antibodies is feasible and effective, combining into a single molecule the advantages of antibody cocktails.
  • 《3月18日_中国科学院武汉病毒研究所等团队研究表明羟氯喹在体外对SARS-CoV-2感染有抑制作用》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-03-19
    • 1.时间:2020年3月18日 2.机构或团队:中国科学院武汉病毒研究所/生物安全大科学研究中心、军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所/国家应急防控药物工程技术研究中心、中国科学院大学 3.事件概要: 3月18日,Cell Discovery期刊发表了来自中国科学院武汉病毒研究所等研究团队的题为“Hydroxychloroquine, a less toxic derivative of chloroquine, is effective in inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro”的文章。 文章在体外比较了氯喹(chloroquine)和羟氯喹(hydroxychloroquine,HCQ)对SARS-CoV-2感染的抗病毒作用。采用CCK8法测定了HCQ和CQ对VeroE6非洲绿猴肾细胞的细胞毒性,结果表明,CQ和HCQ的50%细胞毒性浓度(CC50)分别为273.20和249.50μM,二者差异不显著。另外,通过定量感染后48小时细胞上清液中病毒RNA拷贝数,测定了两种化合物在4种不同感染倍数(MOIs)下对SARS-CoV-2的剂量-反应曲线。结果表明,在所有MOIs(0.01、0.02、0.2和0.8)下,CQ的50%最大有效浓度(EC50)低于HCQ。这些数据表明HCQ的抗SARS-CoV-2活性,在某些MOIs中似乎比CQ弱。 鉴于CQ和HCQ都是弱碱,已知它们能提高细胞内酸性细胞器(如内体/溶酶体)的pH值,这些是细胞膜融合所必需的。文章实验证实,HCQ能有效地抑制SARS-CoV-2的宿主进入步骤和进入后阶段,主要是HCQ阻断了SARS-CoV-2从初级内体(early endosomes,EEs)向内溶酶体(endolysosomes,ELs)的转运。文章还发现CQ和HCQ治疗可引起EEs和ELs的数量和大小/形态的显著变化,在HCQ处理的细胞中,ELs的大小和数量显著增加。 文章结论,研究结果表明HCQ在体外能有效地抑制SARS-CoV-2的感染。结合其抗炎功能,文章预测该药物具有很好的对抗疾病的潜力。但这种可能性仍有待临床试验证实。另需要指出的是,虽然HCQ的毒性比CQ小,但长期和过量使用仍然会导致中毒。而相对较低的HCQ选择性指数(SI)需要经过精心设计和进行临床试验,以实现对SARS-CoV-2感染的有效和安全控制。 4.附件: 原文链接 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41421-020-0156-0