Improved nutrition could be one of the most cost-effective approaches to address many of the societal, environmental, and economic challenges facing nations across the globe today. These challenges include the morbidity, mortality, and economic burden associated with chronic diseases and disorders. That is, nutrition plays an integral role in human growth and development, in the maintenance of good health and functionality, in genetic disorders such s inborn errors of metabolism, and in the prevention and treatment of infectious, acute,and chronic diseases. To effectively and efficiently advance the role of nutrition in improving and sustaining health, efforts must be made to coordinate nutrition research supported by the federal government, as well as federal workforce development and training efforts that support nutrition research.