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《Nature，8月17日，Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions》

  • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者： zhangmin
  • 发布时间：2020-09-02

  • Structures and distributions of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on intact virions

    Zunlong Ke, Joaquin Oton, Kun Qu, Mirko Cortese, Vojtech Zila, Lesley McKeane, Takanori Nakane, Jasenko Zivanov, Christopher J. Neufeldt, Berati Cerikan, John M. Lu, Julia Peukes, Xiaoli Xiong, Hans-Georg Kräusslich, Sjors H. W. Scheres, Ralf Bartenschlager & John A. G. Briggs

    Nature (2020)

    Abstract

    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virions are surrounded by a lipid bilayer from which spike (S) protein trimers protrude1. Heavily glycosylated S trimers bind the ACE2 receptor and mediate entry of virions into target cells2–6. S exhibits extensive conformational flexibility: it modulates exposure of its receptor binding site and later undergoes complete structural rearrangement to drive fusion of viral and cellular membranes2,7,8. The structures and conformations of soluble, overexpressed, purified S proteins have been studied in detail using cryo-electron microscopy2,7,9–12. The structure and distribution of S on the virion surface, however, has not been characterized. Here we applied cryo-electron microscopy and tomography to image intact SARS-CoV-2 virions, determining the high-resolution structure, conformational flexibility and distribution of S trimers in situ on the virion surface. These results reveal the conformations of S present on the virion, and provide a basis from which to understand interactions between S and neutralizing antibodies during infection or vaccination.

  • 原文来源：https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2665-2
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    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：zhangmin
    • 发布时间：2020-10-13
    • Receptor binding and priming of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 for membrane fusion Donald J. Benton, Antoni G. Wrobel, Pengqi Xu, Chloë Roustan, Stephen R. Martin, Peter B. Rosenthal, John J. Skehel & Steven J. Gamblin Nature (2020) Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection is initiated by virus binding to ACE2 cell surface receptors1–4, followed by fusion of virus and cell membranes to release the virus genome into the cell. Both receptor binding and membrane fusion activities are mediated by the virus Spike glycoprotein, S5–7. As with other class I membrane fusion proteins, S is post-translationally cleaved, in this case by furin, into S1 and S2 components that remain associated following cleavage8–10. Fusion activation following receptor binding is proposed to involve the exposure of a second proteolytic site (S2’), cleavage of which is required for the fusion peptide release11,12. We have investigated the binding of ACE2 to the furin-cleaved form of SARS-CoV-2 S by cryoEM. We classify ten different molecular species including the unbound, closed spike trimer, the fully open ACE2-bound trimer, and dissociated monomeric S1 bound to ACE2. The ten structures describe ACE2 binding events which destabilise the spike trimer, progressively opening up, and out, the individual S1 components. The opening process reduces S1 contacts and un-shields the trimeric S2 core, priming fusion activation and dissociation of ACE2-bound S1 monomers. The structures also reveal refolding of an S1 subdomain following ACE2 binding, that disrupts interactions with S2, notably involving Asp61413–15, leading to destabilisation of the structure of S2 proximal to the secondary (S2’) cleavage site.
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  • 《BioRxiv，3月17日，Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike in an Early Prefusion Conformation》
    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：zhangmin
    • 发布时间：2020-03-18
    • Characterization of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike in an Early Prefusion Conformation Shaowei Li doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.16.994152 Abstract Pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), for which there are no efficacious vaccines or therapeutics that are urgently needed. We expressed three versions of spike (S) proteins—receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 subunit and S ectodomain—in insect cells. RBD appears monomer in solutions, whereas S1 and S associate into homotrimer with substantial glycosylation. The three proteins confer excellent antigenicity with six convalescent COVID-19 patient sera. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) analyses indicate that the SARS-CoV-2 S trimer dominate in a unique conformation distinguished from the classic prefusion conformation of coronaviruses by the upper S1 region at lower position ~15 Å proximal to viral membrane. *注，本文为预印本论文手稿，是未经同行评审的初步报告，其观点仅供科研同行交流，并不是结论性内容，请使用者谨慎使用.
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