《BioRxiv,3月31日,Evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 sarbecovirus lineage responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic》

  • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者: zhangmin
  • 发布时间:2020-04-01
  • Evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 sarbecovirus lineage responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic

    Maciej F Boni, Philippe Lemey, Xiaowei Jiang, Tommy Tsan-Yuk Lam, Blair Perry, Todd Castoe, Andrew Rambaut, David L Robertson

    doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.015008

    Abstract

    There are outstanding evolutionary questions on the recent emergence of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2/hCoV-19 in Hubei province that caused the COVID-19 pandemic, including (1) the relationship of the new virus to the SARS-related coronaviruses, (2) the role of bats as a reservoir species, (3) the potential role of other mammals in the emergence event, and (4) the role of recombination in viral emergence. Here, we address these questions and find that the sarbecoviruses -- the viral subgenus responsible for the emergence of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 -- exhibit frequent recombination, but the SARS-CoV-2 lineage itself is not a recombinant of any viruses detected to date. In order to employ phylogenetic methods to date the divergence events between SARS-CoV-2 and the bat sarbecovirus reservoir, recombinant regions of a 68-genome sarbecovirus alignment were removed with three independent methods.

    *注,本文为预印本论文手稿,是未经同行评审的初步报告,其观点仅供科研同行交流,并不是结论性内容,请使用者谨慎使用.

  • 原文来源:https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.30.015008v1
相关报告
  • 《3月31日_SARS-CoV-2 的sarbecovirus谱系的进化起源》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-04-02
    • 1.时间:2020年3月31日 2.机构或团队:宾夕法尼亚州立大学帕克分校、比利时鲁汶大学、西交利物浦大学、香港大学、德州大学、英国爱丁堡大学、英国格拉斯哥大学 3.事件概要: 3月31日,bioRxiv预印本平台发表了来自宾夕法尼亚州立大学帕克分校、比利时鲁汶大学、西交利物浦大学等机构的研究团队的题为“Evolutionary origins of the SARS-CoV-2 sarbecovirus lineage responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic”的文章。该文章指出,SARS-CoV-2在进化论上存在着悬而未决的问题,包括:(1)该新型病毒与SARS相关的冠状病毒的关系;(2)蝙蝠作为储存宿主物种的作用;(3)其他哺乳动物在事件中的潜在作用;(4)重组在病毒出现中的作用。 该研究发现,SARS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2的出现的病毒亚属sarbecovirus表现出频繁的重组,但SARS-CoV-2谱系本身并不是迄今为止检测到的任何病毒的重组体。为了采用系统发育学方法来确定SARS-CoV-2与蝙蝠sarbecovirus之间的分化事件的日期,该研究用三种独立的方法对sarbecovirus 68个基因组的的对位排列后的重组区域进行了剔除。贝叶斯进化率和发散日期的估计对所有三个无重组配位都是一致的,而且对基于HCoV-OC43和MERS-CoV进化率的两种不同的先验规范也是稳健的。研究发现,SARS-CoV-2和蝙蝠sarbecovirus之间的分化日期估计为1948年(95% HPD:1879-1999)、1969年(95% HPD:1930-2000)和1982年(95% HPD:1948-2009)。文章指出,尽管自SARS以来,对sarbecovirus的特征进行了强化鉴定,但产生SARS-CoV-2的谱系在蝙蝠中数十年而不被注意,并被传染给其他宿主如穿山甲等。该文章指出,在十七年内第三种重大的冠状病毒的出现,加上高流行率和蝙蝠病毒的多样性,意味着这些病毒很可能再次跨越物种界限。 *注,本文为预印本论文手稿,是未经同行评审的初步报告,其观点仅供科研同行交流,并不是结论性内容,请使用者谨慎使用。 4.附件: 原文链接https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.30.015008v1
  • 《BioRxiv,3月31日,Fully human single-domain antibodies against SARS-CoV-2》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-04-01
    • Fully human single-domain antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 Yanling Wu, Cheng Li, Shuai Xia, Xiaolong Tian, Zhi Wang, Yu Kong, Chenjian Gu, Rong Zhang, Chao Tu, Youhua Xie, Lu Lu, Shibo Jiang, Tianlei Ying doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.015990 Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic is spreading rapidly, highlighting the urgent need for an efficient approach to rapidly develop therapeutics and prophylactics against SARS-CoV-2. We describe here the development of a phage-displayed single-domain antibody library by grafting naive CDRs into framework regions of an identified human germline IGHV allele. This enabled the isolation of high-affinity single-domain antibodies of fully human origin. The panning using SARS-CoV-2 RBD and S1 as antigens resulted in the identification of antibodies targeting five types of neutralizing or non-neutralizing epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 RBD. These fully human single-domain antibodies bound specifically to SARS-CoV-2 RBD with subnanomolar to low nanomolar affinities. *注,本文为预印本论文手稿,是未经同行评审的初步报告,其观点仅供科研同行交流,并不是结论性内容,请使用者谨慎使用.