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《美国NNI Budget supplements 2015》

  • 来源专题：纳米科技
  • 发布时间：2016-01-21

  • 美国纳米创新计划（NNI）2015财年投资预算超过15亿美元[1]，以持续支持奥巴马的优先技术和创新研发战略。美国自2001年启动纳米创新计划（NNI）以来，累计投资已达210亿美元（2001-2015年），对基础科学研究产生深远影响。

    2015年NNI计划预算投资比例发生了重大调整。其中，纳米技术重大创新项目资助力度从2011年的2.46亿美元增加至2015年的2.91亿美元；有关环境/健康/安全的研究投资占总投资的比例也从2005年的不到3%增长至2015年的超过7%，累计投资超过9亿美元（2005-2015年）。2015年NNI计划投资前5位的机构分别是：（1）美国卫生与公共服务部（DHHS）和国立卫生研究院（NIH），重点资助处于生命科学和物理学交叉的基于纳米技术的生物医学研究，；（2）美国国家科学基金会（NSF），重点资助基础研究和教育，涵盖所有学科和工程技术；（3）美国能源部（DOE），重点资助能源技术基础和应用研究；（4）美国国防部（DOD），重点资助推动国防和军民两用技术的科学和工程研究；（5）美国商务部（DOC）和国家标准与技术研究院（NIST），重点资助涵盖测量、制造工具、分析方法、计量学以及纳米技术标准的基础研发。

    2015年NNI计划资助5项纳米技术重大创新项目[2]：

    1、太阳能收集和转换纳米技术：重点发展领域为太阳能光伏发电，太阳能热能发电和转化，以及太阳能向燃料转变。

    2、面向未来产业的可持续纳米制造：重点发展领域为可扩展和可持续的纳米材料和器件及其制造过程，以及纳米制造测量技术。

    3、2020及未来纳米电子学：重点发展领域为纳米光子学与纳米电子学的融合，探索碳基纳米电子学，量子信息科学中纳米级制造工艺及物理现象研究，以及国家级纳米电子学研究及制造基础设施网络。

    4、纳米技术知识基础设施。

    5、应用于健康、安全和环境的传感器及其纳米技术。

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