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《EuroSurveill，1月30日，Pattern of Early Human-To-Human Transmission of Wuhan 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), December 2019 to January 2020》

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  • 《MedRixv，2月5号，Human-to-human transmission of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)》
    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：xuwenwhlib
    • 发布时间：2020-02-06
    • Human-to-human transmission of 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Min Kang, Jie Wu, Wenjun Ma, Jianfeng He, Jing Lu, Tao Liu, Baisheng Li, Shujiang Mei, Feng Ruan, Lifeng Lin, Lirong Zou, Changwen Ke, Haojie Zhong, Yingtao Zhang, Xuguang Chen, Zhe Liu, Qi Zhu, Jianpeng Xiao, Jianxiang Yu, Jianxiong Hu, Weilin Zeng, Xing Li, Yuhuang Liao, Xiujuan Tang, Songjian Xiao, Ying Wang, Yingchao Song, Xue Zhuang, Lijun Liang, Siqing Zeng, Guanhao He, Peng Lin, Tie Song doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.02.03.20019141 Abstract Background: On December 31, 2019, an outbreak of 2019-nCoV in humans was reported in Wuhan, China. We analyzed data from field investigations and genetic sequencing to provide evidence of human-to-human transmission. Methods: A confirmed case of 2019-nCoV was defined if a suspected case was verified with positive of 2019-nCoV in throat swabs, nasal swabs, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), or endotracheal aspirates by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay (RT-PCR) or genetic sequencing. Field investigations were conducted for each confirmed case. Clinical and demographic data of the confirmed cases were collected from their medical records. Exposure and travel histories were obtained by interviewing the confirmed cases. Results: Seventeen confirmed cases were identified from January 1 to 21, 2020 in Guangdong Province, China. Of them, two cases (11.8%) arisen locally without travel history to Wuhan or exposure history to wildlife market within 14 days prior to the onset of illness. These two cases were from two family cluster infections including 4 and 2 index cases, respectively. The whole viral genome from the two cases was exactly the same with their index cases, and presented a few unique single nucleotide variants (SNVs) which were predicted to cause one amino acid change in spike protein and Orf8 protein, respectively. Conclusions: This study identified two human-to-human transmitted cases of 2019-nCoV in Guangdong Province, China, which indicates that prevention strategies of cutting the person-to-person transmission of 2019-nCoV in households, hospitals and communities are urgently implemented. *注，本文为预印本论文手稿，是未经同行评审的初步报告，其观点仅供科研同行交流，并不是结论性内容，请使用者谨慎使用.
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  • 《CDC，2月14日，Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus — United States, January 2020》
    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：xuwenwhlib
    • 发布时间：2020-02-14
    • Persons Evaluated for 2019 Novel Coronavirus — United States, January 2020 Weekly / February 14, 2020 / 69(6);166–170 On February 7, 2020, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release. Kristina L. Bajema, MD1,2; Alexandra M. Oster, MD3; Olivia L. McGovern, PhD1,2; Stephen Lindstrom, PhD4; Mark R. Stenger, MA5; Tara C. Anderson, DVM, PhD6; Cheryl Isenhour,, DVM2; Kevin R. Clarke, MD7; Mary E. Evans, MD8; Victoria T. Chu, MD1,4; Holly M. Biggs, MD4; Hannah L. Kirking, MD4; Susan I. Gerber, MD4; Aron J. Hall, DVM4; Alicia M. Fry, MD9; Sara E. Oliver, MD2; 2019-nCoV Persons Under Investigation In December 2019, a cluster of cases of pneumonia emerged in Wuhan City in central China’s Hubei Province. Genetic sequencing of isolates obtained from patients with pneumonia identified a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) as the etiology (1). As of February 4, 2020, approximately 20,000 confirmed cases had been identified in China and an additional 159 confirmed cases in 23 other countries, including 11 in the United States (2,3). On January 17, CDC and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s Customs and Border Protection began health screenings at U.S. airports to identify ill travelers returning from Wuhan City (4). CDC activated its Emergency Operations Center on January 21 and formalized a process for inquiries regarding persons suspected of having 2019-nCoV infection (2). As of January 31, 2020, CDC had responded to clinical inquiries from public health officials and health care providers to assist in evaluating approximately 650 persons thought to be at risk for 2019-nCoV infection. Guided by CDC criteria for the evaluation of persons under investigation (PUIs) (5), 210 symptomatic persons were tested for 2019-nCoV; among these persons, 148 (70%) had travel-related risk only, 42 (20%) had close contact with an ill laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV patient or PUI, and 18 (9%) had both travel- and contact-related risks. Eleven of these persons had laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection. Recognizing persons at risk for 2019-nCoV is critical to identifying cases and preventing further transmission. Health care providers should remain vigilant and adhere to recommended infection prevention and control practices when evaluating patients for possible 2019-nCoV infection (6). Providers should consult with their local and state health departments when assessing not only ill travelers from 2019-nCoV-affected countries but also ill persons who have been in close contact with patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in the United States.
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