《33年里,地球失去了16%的潮滩|Nature论文》

  • 来源专题:长江流域资源与环境知识资源中心 | 领域情报网
  • 编译者: changjiang
  • 发布时间:2019-01-07
  • 本周《自然》论文The global distribution and trajectory of tidal flats在线发表了一份全球潮滩地图,并描述了这些海岸生态系统的变化。潮滩指经常发生潮汐泛滥的沙滩、岩石或泥滩。研究发现,1984年至2016年期间,在有充足数据的区域(占绘制面积的17.1%),16%的潮滩已经消失。

    单击放大

    采用谷歌支持的先进卫星遥感技术首次对巴塔哥尼亚(位于南美)大面积的潮滩进行绘制。

    Nicholas Murray

    潮滩生态系统可以提供重要的服务,如防风暴、稳定海岸线和粮食生产,全球数百万人的生计有赖于此。然而,潮滩正承受着来自各方面的巨大压力,包括沿海开发、海平面上升和侵蚀。尽管潮滩是分布最广泛的沿海生态系统之一,但是它们的全球分布和状态仍然未知,这阻碍了针对它们的管理和保护工作。

    单击放大

    左:帕劳群岛的潮间带沙滩为鱼类、底栖动物和迁徙的滨鸟提供栖息地;右:潮滩大部分位于海岸线处,在全球范围内与红树林生态系统相似。 此处,潮滩暴露在阿拉斯加州安克雷奇附近的低潮区。

    Nicholas Murray

    澳大利亚昆士兰大学的Nicholas Murray及其同事使用了大约700,000张卫星图像,绘制出了1984年至2016年潮滩的全球范围和变化。作者发现,地球上的潮滩生态系统至少有127,921平方公里,类似于全球红树林的覆盖面积。大约50%的潮滩位于八个国家,分布在三个大洲:亚洲、北美洲和南美洲。按国家划分,印度尼西亚的潮滩最多,其次是中国和澳大利亚。就作者已收集到充足卫星数据的区域而言,其中的潮滩面积在33年的时间内减少了约16%。这意味着自1984年以来,全球范围内损失的潮滩面积可能超过20,000平方公里。

    单击放大

    潮滩支撑着全世界数百万的迁徙水鸟。 然而,沿海开发项目的增加如在中国海岸沿线建设风电场等正在全球范围内导致这些生态系统的大面积流失。

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    • 编译者:pengh
    • 发布时间:2019-03-06
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