Significant expression of FURIN and ACE2 on oral epithelial cells may facilitate the efficiency of 2019-nCov entry
Zhong Mei, Lin Bingpeng, Gao Hongbin, Wang Xinhong, Wu Kaibin, Liu Mingxiao, Liu Chang, Chen Jianming, Lee Learn-han, Qi Cuiling, Ge Linhu, Wang Lijing
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.18.047951
Abstract
Leading to a sustained epidemic spread with >40,000 confirmed human infections, including >10,000 deaths, COVID-19 was caused by 2019-nCov and resulted in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis, which brought more challenges to the patient's treatment. The S-glycoprotein, which recognized as the key factor for the entry of 2019-nCov into the cell, contains two functional domains: an ACE2 receptor binding domain and a second domain necessary for fusion of the coronavirus and cell membranes. FURIN activity, exposes the binding and fusion domains, is essential for the zoonotic transmission of 2019-nCov. Moreover, it has been reported that ACE2 is likely to be the receptor for 2019-nCoV. In addition, FURIN enzyme and ACE2 receptor were expressed in airway epithelia, cardiac tissue, and enteric canals, which considered as the potential target organ of the virus.
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