《LANCET,2月27日,Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in the UK》

  • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者: zhangmin
  • 发布时间:2020-02-28
  • Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in the UK

    Peter Moss, Gavin Barlow, Nicholas Easom, Patrick Lillie, Anda Samson

    Published:February 27, 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30463-3

    Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of an ongoing international outbreak of respiratory illness, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).1, 2, 3 In the week commencing Jan 27, 2020, the first two cases were diagnosed in England. Both patients were identified as being at risk while still in the community, and transported directly from their hotel to the regional Infectious Disease Unit at Hull University Teaching Hospitals.

  • 原文来源:https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30463-3/fulltext
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  • 《LANCET,2月27日,Looming threat of COVID-19 infection in Africa: act collectively, and fast》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-02-28
    • Looming threat of COVID-19 infection in Africa: act collectively, and fast John N Nkengasong, Wessam Mankoula Published:February 27, 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30464-5 Because of the high volume of air traffic and trade between China and Africa,1 Africa is at a high risk for the introduction and spread of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); although only Egypt has reported the first case, from a non-national.2 The greatest concern for public health experts is whether COVID-19 will become a pandemic, with sustained year-round transmission, similar to influenza, as is now being observed in several countries.3 What might happen to Africa—where most countries have weak health-care systems, including inadequate surveillance and laboratory capacity, scarcity of public health human resources, and limited financial means—if a pandemic occurs? With neither treatment nor vaccines, and without pre-existing immunity, the effect might be devastating because of the multiple health challenges the continent already faces: rapid population growth and increased movement of people; existing endemic diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, and malaria; remerging and emerging infectious pathogens such as Ebola virus disease, Lassa haemorrhagic fever, and others; and increasing incidence of non-communicable diseases.
  • 《2月27日_英国首例COVID-19病例的高后果感染管理经验》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:xuwenwhlib
    • 发布时间:2020-03-01
    • 2月27日_英国首例COVID-19病例的高后果感染管理经验 1.时间:2020年2月27日 2.机构或团队:英国赫尔大学教学医院 3.事件概要: 英国赫尔大学教学医院的研究人员在柳叶刀在线发表通讯论文“Lessons for managing high-consequence infections from first COVID-19 cases in the UK”,报道了英国首例COVID-19病例的高后果感染管理经验。 从2020年1月27日开始的一周内,在英格兰确诊出前两例COVID-19病例。两名患者在在社区时被确定COVID-19疑似病例,并直接将他们从酒店送往赫尔大学教学医院的区域传染病科。根据英国国家指南的指导,医护人员在患者到达时使用了增强型个人防护设备。患者被安置在单独的带前室的负压病房中,并在那里进行管理,直到测试结果出来。一旦两名患者都被证实感染有SARS-CoV-2,他们就被转移到英国纽卡斯尔指定的高后果传染病(HCID)部门。 英国首批COVID-19病例为英国管理HCID病例提供了重要依据。测试SARS-CoV-2的决定是基于临床和流行病学病例定义的,只有在符合条件的情况下才批准进行测试。测试时,这两个人都没有明显符合当前的案例定义,如果严格执行标准,测试可能就不会进行。但是由于临床上的高度怀疑和对有关感染分布的最新信息的反应,因此决定进行测试。正确确定测试的目标很重要,最好通过应用明确的案例定义来完成。然而,随着任何新出现的感染,病例定义必须随着信息的积累而迅速改进。这需要在与临床和公共卫生专家讨论的基础上进行,也应有灵活性。 这些患者在社区中被识别,并被直接转移到专门的隔离机构进行评估。一旦确诊,患者将被转移到英国国家卫生服务(NHS)指定的HCID部门。这些部门由国家资助,必须遵守国家对确认的HCID进行管理的规范。然而,对可能出现的HCID病例(如本次疫情的其他地方以及在英格兰的其他HCID病例中所示,医院感染的风险可能更高)的管理和评估仍在当地进行,没有国家资金或规范支持。应急NHS信托或临床委托小组几乎没有动力去设置隔离设施或维持一批训练有素的员工,因为融资机制不可能涵盖所需的大量投资。尽管许多地区(如本案所述)确实根据当地设置的隔离设施作出了有效的安排,但仍有一些地区没有这种设施,并且在管理高传染性感染方面的专门知识有限。HCID部门应得到适当的区域设施的支持,以便能够安全地评估高危疑似病例,并将医院传播的风险降到最低。 4.附件: 原文链接:https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30463-3/fulltext