Hydroxychloroquine and Tocilizumab Therapy in COVID-19 Patients - An Observational Study
View ORCID ProfileAndrew Ip, View ORCID ProfileDonald A Berry, Eric Hansen, View ORCID ProfileAndre H Goy, Andrew L Pecora, Brittany A Sinclaire, Urszula Bednarz, Michael Marafelias, Scott M Berry, Nicholas S Berry, Shivam Mathura, Ihor S Sawczuk, Noa Biran, View ORCID ProfileRonaldo C Go, Steven Sperber, Julia A Piwoz, Bindu Balani, Cristina Cicogna, Rani Sebti, Jason Zuckerman, Keith M Rose, Lisa Tank, Laurie Jacobs, Jason Korcak, Sarah L Timmapuri, Joseph P Underwood III, Gregory Sugalski, Carol Barsky, Daniel W Varga, Arif Asif, Joseph C Landolfi, View ORCID ProfileStuart L Goldberg
doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.21.20109207
Abstract
Background: Hydroxychloroquine has been touted as a COVID-19 treatment. Tocilizumab, an inhibitor of IL-6, has been proposed as a treatment of critically ill patients. Objective: To describe the association between mortality and hydroxychloroquine or tocilizumab therapy among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Design: Retrospective observational cohort study of electronic health records Setting: 13-hospital network spanning the state of New Jersey. Participants: Patients hospitalized between March 1, 2020 and April 22, 2020 with positive polymerase chain reaction results for SARS-CoV-2. Follow up was through May 5, 2020. Main Outcomes: The primary outcome was death. Results: Among 2512 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 there have been 547 deaths (22%), 1539 (61%) discharges and 426 (17%) remain hospitalized. 1914 (76%) received at least one dose of hydroxychloroquine and 1473 (59%) received hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin. After adjusting for imbalances via propensity modeling, compared to receiving neither drug, there were no significant differences in associated mortality for patients receiving any hydroxychloroquine during the hospitalization (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.80-1.22]), hydroxychloroquine alone (HR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.83-1.27]), or hydroxychloroquine with azithromycin (HR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.75-1.28]).
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