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《Cell，11月18日，Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity》

  • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者： zhangmin
  • 发布时间：2020-12-21

  • Evaluating the Effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Mutation D614G on Transmissibility and Pathogenicity

    Erik Volz 13

    Verity Hill

    John T. McCrone

    Emma C. Thomson

    Andrew Rambaut

    Thomas R. Connor

    Open AccessPublished:November 18, 2020DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.11.020

    Summary

    Global dispersal and increasing frequency of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variant D614G are suggestive of a selective advantage but may also be due to a random founder effect. We investigate the hypothesis for positive selection of spike D614G in the United Kingdom using more than 25,000 whole genome SARS-CoV-2 sequences. Despite the availability of a large dataset, well represented by both spike 614 variants, not all approaches showed a conclusive signal of positive selection. Population genetic analysis indicates that 614G increases in frequency relative to 614D in a manner consistent with a selective advantage. We do not find any indication that patients infected with the spike 614G variant have higher COVID-19 mortality or clinical severity, but 614G is associated with higher viral load and younger age of patients. Significant differences in growth and size of 614G phylogenetic clusters indicate a need for continued study of this variant.

  • 原文来源：https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31537-3#%20
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相关报告

  • 《11月18日_评估SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白D614G突变对传染性和致病性的影响》
    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：zhangmin
    • 发布时间：2020-12-21
    • 帝国理工学院和爱丁堡大学等机构的研究人员11月18日在期刊Cell上在线发表了题为“Evaluating the effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike mutation D614G on transmissibility and pathogenicity”的文章。 文章称，SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白D614G变种在全球各地发生，并且发生的频率增加。研究人员分析了超过25000个SARS-CoV-2序列的全基因组，在英国积极寻找SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白D614G的突变体。研究人员发现没有任何迹象表明感染了SARS-CoV-2刺突蛋白614G变体的患者具有更高的COVID-19死亡率或临床严重性，但是614G与更高的病毒载量和患者年龄更小有关。 原文链接：https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)31537-3#%20
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  • 《Nature，10月26日，Spike mutation D614G alters SARS-CoV-2 fitness》
    • 来源专题：COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者：zhangmin
    • 发布时间：2020-11-17
    • Spike mutation D614G alters SARS-CoV-2 fitness Jessica A. Plante, Yang Liu, Jianying Liu, Hongjie Xia, Bryan A. Johnson, Kumari G. Lokugamage, Xianwen Zhang, Antonio E. Muruato, Jing Zou, Camila R. Fontes-Garfias, Divya Mirchandani, Dionna Scharton, John P. Bilello, Zhiqiang Ku, Zhiqiang An, Birte Kalveram, Alexander N. Freiberg, Vineet D. Menachery, Xuping Xie, Kenneth S. Plante, Scott C. Weaver & Pei-Yong Shi Nature (2020) Abstract A spike protein mutation D614G became dominant in SARS-CoV-2 during the COVID-19 pandemic1,2. However, the impact on viral spread and vaccine efficacy remains to be defined. Here, we engineer the D614G mutation in the USA-WA1/2020 strain and characterize its effect. D614G enhances replication on human lung epithelial cells and primary human airway tissues through an improved infectivity of virions. Hamsters infected with the G614 variant produced higher infectious titers in the nasal washes and trachea, but not lungs, confirming clinical evidence that the D614G mutation enhances viral loads in the upper respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients and may increases transmission. Sera from D614-infected hamsters exhibit modestly higher neutralization titers against G614 virus than against D614 virus, indicating that (i) the mutation may not reduce the ability of vaccines in clinical trials to protect against COVID-19 and (ii) therapeutic antibodies should be tested against the circulating G614 virus. Together with clinical findings, our work underscores the importance of this mutation in viral spread, vaccine efficacy, and antibody therapy.
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