《Nature,5月6日,Bioinformatic prediction of potential T cell epitopes for SARS-Cov-2》

  • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
  • 编译者: zhangmin
  • 发布时间:2020-05-07
  • Bioinformatic prediction of potential T cell epitopes for SARS-Cov-2

    Kazuma Kiyotani, Yujiro Toyoshima, Kensaku Nemoto & Yusuke Nakamura

    Journal of Human Genetics (2020)

    Abstract

    To control and prevent the current COVID-19 pandemic, the development of novel vaccines is an emergent issue. In addition, we need to develop tools that can measure/monitor T-cell and B-cell responses to know how our immune system is responding to this deleterious virus. However, little information is currently available about the immune target epitopes of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) to induce host immune responses. Through a comprehensive bioinformatic screening of potential epitopes derived from the SARS-CoV-2 sequences for HLAs commonly present in the Japanese population, we identified 2013 and 1399 possible peptide epitopes that are likely to have the high affinity (<0.5%- and 2%-rank, respectively) to HLA class I and II molecules, respectively, that may induce CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses.

  • 原文来源:https://www.nature.com/articles/s10038-020-0771-5
相关报告
  • 《Nature,5月6日,Applying principles of behaviour change to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-05-07
    • Applying principles of behaviour change to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission Robert West, Susan Michie, G. James Rubin & Richard Amlôt Nature Human Behaviour (2020) Abstract Human behaviour is central to transmission of SARS-Cov-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and changing behaviour is crucial to preventing transmission in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions. Isolation and social distancing measures, including edicts to stay at home, have been brought into place across the globe to reduce transmission of the virus, but at a huge cost to individuals and society. In addition to these measures, we urgently need effective interventions to increase adherence to behaviours that individuals in communities can enact to protect themselves and others: use of tissues to catch expelled droplets from coughs or sneezes, use of face masks as appropriate, hand-washing on all occasions when required, disinfecting objects and surfaces, physical distancing, and not touching one’s eyes, nose or mouth.
  • 《Nature,7月22日,Potent neutralizing antibodies directed to multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 spike》

    • 来源专题:COVID-19科研动态监测
    • 编译者:zhangmin
    • 发布时间:2020-07-28
    • Potent neutralizing antibodies directed to multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 spike Lihong Liu, Pengfei Wang, Manoj S. Nair, Jian Yu, Micah Rapp, Qian Wang, Yang Luo, Jasper F-W. Chan, Vincent Sahi, Amir Figueroa, Xinzheng V. Guo, Gabriele Cerutti, Jude Bimela, Jason Gorman, Tongqing Zhou, Zhiwei Chen, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Peter D. Kwong, Joseph G. Sodroski, Michael T. Yin, Zizhang Sheng, Yaoxing Huang, Lawrence Shapiro & David D. Ho Nature (2020) Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic rages on with devasting consequences on human lives and the global economy1,2. The discovery and development of virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies could be one approach to treat or prevent infection by this novel coronavirus. Here we report the isolation of 61 SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies from 5 infected patients hospitalized with severe disease. Among these are 19 antibodies that potently neutralized the authentic SARS-CoV-2 in vitro, 9 of which exhibited exquisite potency, with 50% virus-inhibitory concentrations of 0.7 to 9 ng/mL. Epitope mapping showed this collection of 19 antibodies to be about equally divided between those directed to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) and those to the N-terminal domain (NTD), indicating that both of these regions at the top of the viral spike are immunogenic. In addition, two other powerful neutralizing antibodies recognized quaternary epitopes that overlap with the domains at the top of the spike.