Nanobiotechnology is essentially different in many aspectsfrom other areas of nanotechnology such as nano-electronics or nano-materials. It is certainly the most complexsub-area of nanotechnology, because it simultaneously involves very distant scientific disciplines such as physics andclinical research, biology and mathematics, or engineeringand immunology. From the industrial perspective, nanobiotechnology does not yet represent an industry by itself or anexisting market, but more a manifold of enabling technologies to aid existing sectors, such as medical technologies,pharma, biotech, food, cosmetics or water managementand environmental applications.